Analysis of the influencing factors and intervention methods of sibling jealousy in children / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#With the successive liberalization of the two child and three child policies in China, the issue of sibling relationships has been paid more and more attention by society. Severe sibling jealousy has a negative impact on the physical and mental health development of both young children and their siblings. The study reviewed the influencing factors of sibling jealousy, and analyzed the effect of applying six related intervention methods to the sibling jealousy intervention.The review aims to provide theoretical and empirical basis for children s sibling jealousy intervention, to reduce the level of sibling jealousy through the intervention, and to promote the physical and mental health of young children and their brothers and sisters.

Safety of butylphthalide and edaravone in patients with ischemic stroke: a multicenter real-world study / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

BACKGROUND@#Butylphthalide (NBP) and edaravone (EDV) injection are common acute ischemic stroke medications in China, but there is a lack of large real-world safety studies on them. This study aimed to determine the incidence of adverse events, detect relevant safety signals, and assess the risk factors associated with these medications in real-world populations.@*METHODS@#In this study, data of acute ischemic stroke patients were extracted from the electronic medical record database of six tertiary hospitals between January 2019 and August 2021. Baseline confounders were eliminated using propensity score matching. The drugs' safety was estimated by comparing the results of 24 laboratory tests standards on liver function, kidney function, lipid level, and coagulation function. The drugs' relative risk was estimated by logistic regression. A third group with patients who did not receive NBP or EDV was constructed as a reference. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis was used to evaluate the associations between adverse events and NBP and EDV, respectively.@*RESULTS@#81,292 patients were included in this study. After propensity score matching, the NBP, EDV, and third groups with 727 patients in each group. Among the 15 test items, the incidence of adverse events was lower in the NBP group than in the EDV group, and the differences were statistically significant. The multivariate logistic regression equation revealed that NBP injection was not a promoting factor for abnormal laboratory test results, whereas EDV had statistically significant effects on aspartate transaminase, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis showed that NBP had a weak correlation with abnormal platelet count. EDV had a positive signal associated with abnormal results in gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, prothrombin time, and platelet count.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In a large real-world population, NBP has a lower incidence of adverse events and a better safety profile than EDV or other usual medications.

The historical development of Shanghai herbal paste / 药学实践杂志

As the "star product" of Shanghai, Shanghai herbal paste has played an irreplaceable role both in the treatment of diseases and nurturing health. The concept of Shanghai regional culture, Shanghai style Chinese medicine and Shanghai herbal paste were introduced by the combination of literature search and practical experience. The historical developments of Shanghai herbal paste were summarized in order to understand Shanghai herbal paste comprehensively and provide a historical and empirical basis for the inheritance and innovation of Shanghai herbal paste.

Low STING expression in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumor progression via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 目的：分析干扰素基因刺激因子（STING）在肺腺癌中的表达及其与肺腺癌患者临床特征间的关系，探讨STING与内质网应激的相关性及其在调控肺腺癌进展中的作用机制。方法：利用TIMER数据库分析STING基因在泛癌水平的表达情况，利用UALCAN和HPA数据库分析STING在肺腺癌组织中的表达及其与肺腺癌患者临床特征间的关系，利用Kaplan-Meier生存函数分析STING表达与肺腺癌患者OS率间的关系。利用LinkedOmics数据库对肺腺癌表达谱数据进行STING基因共表达分析，对STING相关差异表达基因（DEG）进行GO功能与KEGG通路富集分析，通过GSEA筛选STING调控肺腺癌的潜在通路。使用STING激动剂diABZI及内质网应激抑制剂TUDCA对肺腺癌A549与H460细胞进行处理，通过qPCR、WB法检测STING及内质网应激相关分子的表达，通过CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活力。结果：肺腺癌组织和细胞中STING的表达水平均显著低于正常肺组织（均P<0.01），STING高表达肺腺癌患者5年OS率显著高于低表达患者（P<0.01），STING的表达与肺腺癌患者的年龄、性别等临床特征密切相关（均P<0.01）。STING高表达在肺腺癌外源性抗原处理及提呈等通路上存在富集（均P<0.01）。使用STING激动剂可显著诱导肺腺癌细胞发生内质网应激（P<0.05），STING诱导活化后肺腺癌细胞增殖活力显著下降（均P<0.01），内质网应激抑制剂能部分恢复STING活化诱导后下降的细胞活力（P<0.05）。结论：STING基因在肺腺癌中低表达，其表达下调与肺腺癌患者预后不良相关，其机制可能是STING通过诱导内质网应激而抑制肺腺癌细胞活力。

A prospective study of the decision tree prediction model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in preschool children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical value of attention time combined with behavior scale in the screening of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children.@*METHODS@#A total of 200 preschool children with ADHD diagnosed in Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2019 to March 2020 were enrolled as the ADHD group. A total of 200 children who underwent physical examination in the hospital or kindergartens during the same period were enrolled as the control group. Attention time was recorded. Chinese Version of Swanson Nolan and Pelham, Version IV Scale-Parent Form (SNAP-IV) scale was used to evaluate symptoms. With clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the decision tree analysis was used to evaluate the clinical value of attention time combined with behavior scale in the screening of ADHD.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the ADHD group had significantly higher scores of SNAP-IV items 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, and 22 (P<0.05) and a significantly shorter attention time (P<0.05). The variables with statistically significant differences between the two groups in univariate analysis were used as independent variables to establish a decision tree model. The accuracy of the model in predicting ADHD was 81%, that in predicting non-ADHD was 69%, and the overall accuracy was 75%, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.816 (95% CI: 0.774-0.857, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The decision tree model for screening ADHD in preschool children based on attention time and assessment results of behavior scale has a high accuracy and can be used for rapid screening of ADHD among children in clinical practice.

Risk factors for hospitalization of pregnant women with influenza A / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of hospitalization for pregnant women with influenza A.Methods:From December 2018 to February 2019, 261 pregnant women with influenza A were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University. The clinical data of age, gestational period, underlying diseases, time from onset to treatment, white blood cell count and lymphocyte count of these patients were collected. Data of out-patients were compared with those of inpatients. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization in pregnant women with influenza A.Results:Among the 261 cases of pregnancy with influenza A, 36 cases (13.79%) were hospitalized, of which 10 (27.78%) were hospitalized due to severe influenza complications, the other 26 cases (72.22%) were hospitalized due to pregnancy related adverse events. The proportions of hospitalized patients with age ≥30 years old, gestational period ≥28 weeks, combined with underlying diseases and lymphocyte count <1×10 9/L were 75.00%(27/36), 83.33%(30/36), 16.67%(6/36) and 50.00%(18/36), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of out-patients (47.11%(106/225), 35.56%(80/225), 0.89%(2/225) and 13.22%(16/121), respectively; χ2=9.66, 29.05, 26.00 and 22.12, respectively, all P<0.05). The proportions of inpatients and out-patients with white blood cell count ≥4×10 9/L were 97.22%(35/36) and 97.52%(118/121), respectively, and there was no significant difference ( χ2=0.01, P=0.921). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥30 years (odds ratio ( OR)=5.181, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.628-16.489, P=0.005), gestational period ≥28 weeks ( OR=11.054, 95% CI 3.233-37.796, P<0.01), lymphocyte count <1×10 9/L ( OR=6.864, 95% CI 2.237-20.729, P=0.001), and time from onset to treatment <24 h ( OR=0.076, 95% CI 0.012-0.468, P=0.005) were the influencing factors for hospitalization of pregnant women with influenza A. Conclusion:Age ≥30 years old, gestational period ≥28 weeks, lymphocyte count <1×10 9/L and time from onset to treatment <24 h are the influencing factors for hospitalization of pregnant women with influenza A.

Polymorphism and Forensic Application of 11 Y-SNP in Guizhou Shui Ethnic Group / 法医学杂志

Objective To investigate the frequency distribution features of 11 Y-SNP of Guizhou Shui ethnic group, explore its genetic relationship with other ethnic groups and evaluate its forensic application value. Methods Multiplex amplification of the 11 Y-SNP of samples of 180 unrelated male individuals from Guizhou Shui ethnic group was performed with microsequencing technique. The frequency of haplogroup was calculated by direct counting method, and principal component analysis （PCA） of Guizhou Shui ethnic group and reference ethnic groups was performed by using Multi-variate statistical package （MVSP）. The Fst genetic distance between Guizhou Shui ethnic group and other ethnic groups was calculated with Arlequin v3.5. The phylogenetic tree was established with MEGA 4.0 software according to the Fst value. Results Six types of Y chromosome haplogroups were observed in total. Among which, the distribution frequency of O-M175 haplogroup was the highest （71.11%）, followed by C-M130 （25.00%）, and D-M174 （3.89%）. O1b-M268 （31.11%） and O2a2-IMS-JST021354 （28.33%） had a relatively high distribution frequency in O haplogroup. The paternal relationship between Guizhou Shui ethnic group and Guizhou Gelao ethnic group in the same language group was the closest. Conclusion The distribution of Y-SNP haplogroup of the Shui ethnic group in Guizhou has certain specificity, which can provide basic data for forensic biogeographic inference.

Comparison of the effect of mesh-plug, Lichtenstein, transabdominal preperitoneal, and totally extraperitoneal hernia repair: A network meta-analysis

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To compare Mesh-plug, Lichtenstein, transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP), and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repairs in regards to operation time, seroma, infection, and recurrence of inguinal hernia repair. METHODS Relevant literature was searched in the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, and Embase. Furthermore, the analysis of randomized controlled studies (RCTs) was performed using methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. The main outcomes including operation time, seroma, infection, and recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 38 RCTs with 3255 patients were included in the meta-analysis. In addition, the comparison between Mesh-plug, Lichtenstein, TAPP, and TEP showed the differences were not significant regarding operation time, seroma, infection, and recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Meta-analysis suggests that Mesh-plug, Lichtenstein, TAPP, and TEP are comparable in the outcomes of hernia repair, such as operation time, seroma, infection, and recurrence.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Comparar as abordagens de tampão com tela (mesh plug), Lichtenstein, transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) e totalmente extraperitoneal (TEP) em relação ao tempo de operação, seroma, infecção e recorrência no reparo de hérnias inguinais. MÉTODOS Estudos relevantes na literatura foram pesquisados nos bancos de dados Cochrane, PubMed e Embase. Além disso, a análise dos estudos clínicos controlados randomizados (RCTs) foi feita utilizando métodos recomendados pela Cochrane Collaboration. Os principais resultados, incluindo tempo de operação, seroma, infecção e recorrência, foram avaliados. RESULTADOS Um total de 38 RCTs com 3.255 pacientes foram incluídos na meta-análise. Além disso, a comparação entre mesh plug, Lichtenstein, TAPP e TEP mostrou que não havia diferenças significativas nos aspectos de tempo de operação, seroma, infecção e recorrência. CONCLUSÕES A meta-análise sugere que mesh plug, Lichtenstein, TAPP e TEP oferecem resultados comparáveis no reparo das hérnia inguinais em relação a tempo de operação, seroma, infecção e recorrência.

LncRNA OIP5-AS1 upregulates snail expression by sponging miR-34a to promote ovarian carcinoma cell invasion and migration

BACKGROUND: Although OIP5-AS1 has been characterized as an oncogenic lncRNA in many types of cancer, its role and underlying mechanism in ovarian carcinoma (OC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of OIP5-AS1 in OC. METHODS: OC tissues and non-tumor tissues (ovary tissues within 3 cm around tumors) were collected from 58 OC patients (age range 36 to 67 years old, mean age 51.4 ± 5.9 years old). The expression of OIP5-AS1 and snail in paired tissues were determined by RT-qPCR. The interaction between OIP5-AS1 and miR-34a was predicted by IntaRNA2.0 and confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of overexpression of OIP5-AS1 and miR-34a on the expression of snail were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Cell invasion and migration were analyzed by Transwell assay. RESULTS: We observed that the expression of OIP5-AS1 and snail was upregulated and positively correlated with each other in OC. RNA-RNA interaction analysis showed that OIP5-AS1 might sponge miR-34a. In OC cells, overexpression of OIP5-AS1 resulted in the upregulated expression of snail, while overexpression of miR-34a downregulated the expression of snail. In addition, overexpression of miR-34a reduced the effects of overexpression of OIP5-AS1 on the expression of snail. In cell invasion and migration assay, overexpression of OIP5-AS1 and snail resulted in increased OC cell invasion and migration, while overexpression of miR-34a decreased OC cell invasion and migration. Moreover, overexpression of miR-34a attenuated the effects of OIP5-AS1 overexpression on OC cell invasion and migration. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, OIP5-AS1 may upregulate snail expression in OC by sponging miR-34a to promote OC cell invasion and migration.

Intervention by using upper limb rehabilitation exercise video on life quality in patients after modified radical mastectomy / 上海预防医学

Objective To assess the intervention effect of upper limb rehabilitation exercise video on life quality in patients after modified radical mastectomy. Methods A total of 160 breast cancer patients received modified radical mastectomy were from Shanghai Jiading District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2017 to June 2019.They were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 80 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were trained with routine upper limb rehabilitation exercise, and the patients in the observation group were given video training for upper limb rehabilitation exercise.Quality of life (QOL), anxiety scale and depression scale were used for corresponding evaluations.Satisfaction and compliance scales were also used for evaluation. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference in each index between the two groups (P>0.05).After intervention, the quality of life in the observation group was better than that in the control group, including life status (21.43±4.83), functional status (19.69±4.72), emotional status (19.83±4.36), social/family status (19.59±3.62) and additional attention (24.73±3.27).There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters before and after intervention in the control group (P>0.05).The scores of anxiety (36.37±5.64) and depression (37.28±4.47) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant.The nursing satisfaction of patients in the observation group was much higher than that in the control group (91.25% vs 77.50%), and the proportion of compliance was higher than that in the control group (97.50% vs 68.75%). Conclusion In breast cancer patients received radical mastectomy, video-guided rehabilitation training can improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction, compliance of rehabilitation, and condition of anxiety and depression.

Network Analysis of Y-STR in Six Ethnic Populations in Guangxi and Its Forensic Significances / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the distribution of genetic structure of Y-SNP and Y-STR genetic markers in different ethnic groups and its application in forensic science. Methods SNaPshot minisequencing was used to detect the polymorphisms of 12 Y-SNP loci in 439 males from 6 ethnic groups, including Guangxi Han, Guangxi Jing, Guangxi Miao, Guangxi Yao, Guangxi Zhuang and Guangxi Dong. DNATyperTM Y26 kit was used to multiplex-amplify 26 Y-STR loci. The PCR products were analyzed by 3130xl genetic analyzer. The network analysis of Y-STR haplotype under the same Y-SNP haplogroup was analyzed by Network 5.0 software. Results Six haplogroups defined by 12 Y-SNP loci were detected in 6 ethnic groups, and 362 haplotypes were detected in 26 Y-STR loci. The haplotype diversity was 0.996 6. In the C haplogroup, the samples from Guangxi Yao, Guangxi Zhuang and Guangxi Dong were clustered on different branches; in the O1 haplogroup, those from Guangxi Zhuang, Guangxi Miao and Guangxi Jing were relatively independent and clustered separately; in the O2 haplogroup, some samples from Guangxi Miao and Guangxi Yao were gathered in a cluster. Conclusion Based on the Y-STR network analysis of samples with identical haplogroup of Y-SNP, some ethnic groups can be preliminarily distinguished, which could be used to infer male suspects' ethnic group through detecting their genetic markers left in the crime scene.

Genetic Polymorphism of Y Chromosome Haplogroup D-M174 in East Asian Populations / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the genetic polymorphism of Y chromosome D-M174 haplogroup and sub-haplogroups in East Asia. Methods The samples of 1 426 unrelated male individuals from East Asia were collected, and then 7 Y chromosome haplogroup D-M174 and the Y-SNP of its sub-haplogroups were detected with mini-sequencing. The 22 Y-STR genotypes were detected with DNA Typer™ Y26 kit. The haplogroup was analyzed using direct counting method, heatmap, phylogenetic cluster and network graph cluster, and then distribution of genetic polymorphism and the clustering relation between populations and samples of Y chromosome D haplogroup were discussed. Results Haplogroup D-M174 were distributed mostly among Tibetans （40.96%）and Japanese （35.71%）, while less or none were distributed among the surrounding areas of Tibet and other areas. Conclusion The geographical distribution of Y chromosome D-M174 haplogroup in East Asian populations has significant characteristics.

Novel non-synonymous mutations of PAX8 in a cohort of Chinese with congenital hypothyroidism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The transcription factor paired box 8 (PAX8) was associated with type 2 congenital non-goitrous hypothyroidism (CHNG2), a clinical phenotype of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Though studied in a few regions with different ethnicities, the incidence of PAX8 mutations varied, even among Chinese cohorts in different regions. This study aimed to identify and characterize PAX8 mutations and explore the prevalence of its mutations in another cohort of CH.@*Methods@#The 105 unrelated Chinese patients with CH were collected from four major hospitals. Exomes of the 105 samples were sequenced by Hiseq 2000 platform to identify mutations of PAX8 on genomic DNAs extracted from peripheral blood samples. Luciferase reporter assays were used to assess the effects of mutations on the transcription of thyroid peroxidase (TPO).@*Results@#Three PAX8 mutations in four subjects were identified in 105 samples. One variant, rs189229644, was detected in two subjects, and categorized as uncertain significance. The other two missense mutations (275T>C/Ile92Thr and 398G>A/Arg133Gln) were not detected in three large-scale genotyping projects, namely 1000 Genome Project, Exome Aggregation Consortium and GO Exome Sequencing Project. Functional studies for the two mutations revealed that they could impair the transcription ability of PAX8 on one of its target genes, TPO. Therefore, the two mutations were causative for the pathogenesis of CHNG2. After combining the studies of PAX8 mutations, an average frequency of 1.74% (21/1209) could be obtained in Chinese patients with CH.@*Conclusion@#The study specifically demonstrates the role of two mutations in impairing the transcription ability of PAX8, which should be considered as pathogenic variants for CH.

The "target + activity" method for rapid discovery of active compounds targeting Hsp90 in pancreatic cancer cells from Physalis angulata L / 药学学报

The purpose of this study was to select the active compounds targeting Hsp90 protein in pancreatic cancer cells through a new dual "target + activity" rapid discovery technique. We combined an in vitro anti-cancer activity screening method with a dual-luciferase reporter gene and multi-chromatography separation technology, for rapid discovery of potential Hsp90 inhibitors from the Chinese herbal medicine Physalis angulata L. The anti-proliferation activity of those compounds was assessed in pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 by MTT assays. The molecular mechanisms of Hsp90 inhibition were explored by Western blot and shRNA knockdown assays. As a result, two withanolides, withanolide E (WE) and 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (HWE), were identified from Physalis angulata L. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of WE and HWE were 0.71±0.03 and 1.23±0.10 μmol·L-1 for the growth of BxPC-3 cells in 48 h. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that WE and HWE significantly induced heat shock element (HSE) activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The molecular mechanism study showed that after exposing to 5 μmol·L-1 WE or HWE for 48 h, the aggregation of Hsp90 dimer was upregulated to 6.5±1.3 and 11.8±2.0 fold, while the expression of Hsp90 client protein Akt was downregulated to 21.7%±2.8% and 9.8%±1.4% of the control group. Moreover, the Hsp90 inhibitory activity of WE or HWE was canceled by shRNA mediated Hsp90 knockdown. Overall, based on the dual "target + active" rapid discovery technique, two new Hsp90 inhibitors WE and HWE were found from Physalis angulata L. The Hsp90 inhibitory mechanism of WE and HWE may be mediated by induction of Hsp90 aggregate dimer and inhibition of Hsp90 client protein Akt expression.

Curative effect of progressively integrated sandplay therapy on core symptoms and sleep management in preschool children with mild-to-moderate autism spectrum disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the curative effect of progressively integrated sandplay therapy on core symptoms and sleep management in preschool children with mild-to-moderate autism spectrum disorder (ASD).@*METHODS@#A total of 50 mild-to-moderate ASD preschool children were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=25). The control group was treated with structured teaching and auditory integration training (AIT). Based on these, the experimental group was treated with progressively integrated sandplay therapy. The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) and emotion recognition tools were used to evaluate the overall curative effect before treatment and 3 months after treatment.@*RESULTS@#The experimental group had significantly lower scores of feeling, social interaction, somatic motor, language factor, total ABC and total CARS than the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had also significantly lower scores of social cognition, social communication, social motivation, autistic behavior factor and total SRS than the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had a significantly higher accurate rate of recognition of the upper facial expression and lower facial expression than the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had significantly lower scores of bedtime resistance, sleep onset, sleep duration, night waking, daytime sleepiness, and total CSHQ than the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had significantly reduced themes of wounding and significantly increased themes of healing after sandplay therapy (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Progressively integrated sandplay therapy can effectively improve the core symptoms and sleep quality of preschool children with mild-to-moderate ASD, which can be used as an early rehabilitation measure.

Clinical effect of psychological and behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback in the treatment of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of psychological and behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback in the treatment of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).@*METHODS@#Sixty children each with inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive or combined type ADHD were enrolled. According to the intervention measure, they were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, psychological and behavioral intervention, biofeedback treatment and comprehensive treatment (psychological and behavioral intervention + biofeedback). Attention concentration time and impulse/hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores of the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) were evaluated after 4 months of treatment.@*RESULTS@#The attention concentration time increased in all types children with ADHD after psychological and behavioral intervention, biofeedback treatment or comprehensive treatment (P<0.05). In children with inattentive ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive ADHD or combined-type ADHD, biofeedback or comprehensive treatment reduced the impulse/hyperactivity index score (P<0.05). In children with inattentive or combined-type ADHD, psychological and behavioral intervention or comprehensive treatment reduced the hyperactivity index score (P<0.05). In children with hyperactive/impulsive ADHD, biofeedback treatment, psychological and behavioral intervention or comprehensive treatment reduced the hyperactivity index score (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In children with ADHD, psychological and behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback treatment can improve the attention concentration and impulsive/hyperactive and hyperactive symptoms. The treatment strategies are slightly different for children with different types of ADHD.

Clinical effect of integrated sandplay therapy in children with Asperger syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of integrated sandplay therapy in preschool children with Asperger syndrome (AS).@*METHODS@#A total of 44 preschool children with AS were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 22 children in each group. The children in the control group were given routine training, and those in the experimental group were given integrated sandplay therapy in addition to the routine training. The treatment response was assess by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), emotional recognition tools and changes in sandplay theme characteristics after 6 months of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Before intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the total score of SRS, the score of each factor of SRS, and correct rates of facial expression recognition of the upright position, inverted position, upper face and lower face (P>0.05). After 6 months of intervention, both groups had significant reductions in the total score of SRS and the score of each factor of SRS (P<0.01); the control group had significant increases in the correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions except the upright position (P<0.05), while the experimental group had significant increases in the correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions (P<0.05). Compared with the control group after intervention, the experimental group had significantly lower total score of SRS and scores of all factors of SRS except social perception (P<0.01) and significantly higher correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions (P<0.01). The experimental group had a significant change in the number of sandplay theme characteristics after intervention (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Integrated sandplay therapy can improve social responsiveness and emotion recognition ability in preschool children with AS.

Clinical efficacy of interactive group sandplay versus individual sandplay in the treatment of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical efficacy of interactive group sandplay versus individual sandplay in the treatment of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).@*METHODS@#A total of 80 ASD children, aged 4-6 years, were enrolled and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, with 40 children in each group. The children in the experimental group joined group sandplay with normal children at a ratio of 1: 3, and those in the control group were treated with individual sandplay. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) were used to evaluate the treatment outcome after three months of intervention.@*RESULTS@#There were 33 children in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of irritability, social withdrawal, and stereotypic behavior and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of behavior and inappropriate speech and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the score of social withdrawal and the total score of the ABC scale after three months of intervention (P<0.05). After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of speech, sociability, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the scores of speech, sociability, and sensory and cognitive awareness and the total score of the ATEC scale after intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the experimental group also had significantly greater improvements in eye contact and sand stereotyped arrangement (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both interactive group sandplay and individual sandplay are effective in the treatment of ASD in preschool children. Interactive group sandplay is better than individual sandplay in the treatment of ASD, with significant improvements in sociability, emotion and stereotypic behavior.

Novel non-synonymous mutations of PAX8 in a cohort of Chinese with congenital hypothyroidism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The transcription factor paired box 8 (PAX8) was associated with type 2 congenital non-goitrous hypothyroidism (CHNG2), a clinical phenotype of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Though studied in a few regions with different ethnicities, the incidence of PAX8 mutations varied, even among Chinese cohorts in different regions. This study aimed to identify and characterize PAX8 mutations and explore the prevalence of its mutations in another cohort of CH.@*METHODS@#The 105 unrelated Chinese patients with CH were collected from four major hospitals. Exomes of the 105 samples were sequenced by Hiseq 2000 platform to identify mutations of PAX8 on genomic DNAs extracted from peripheral blood samples. Luciferase reporter assays were used to assess the effects of mutations on the transcription of thyroid peroxidase (TPO).@*RESULTS@#Three PAX8 mutations in four subjects were identified in 105 samples. One variant, rs189229644, was detected in two subjects, and categorized as uncertain significance. The other two missense mutations (275T>C/Ile92Thr and 398G>A/Arg133Gln) were not detected in three large-scale genotyping projects, namely 1000 Genome Project, Exome Aggregation Consortium and GO Exome Sequencing Project. Functional studies for the two mutations revealed that they could impair the transcription ability of PAX8 on one of its target genes, TPO. Therefore, the two mutations were causative for the pathogenesis of CHNG2. After combining the studies of PAX8 mutations, an average frequency of 1.74% (21/1209) could be obtained in Chinese patients with CH.@*CONCLUSION@#The study specifically demonstrates the role of two mutations in impairing the transcription ability of PAX8, which should be considered as pathogenic variants for CH.

Analysis of B cell subsets in rhumatoid arthritis patients and the effect of epigallocatechingallate on B cell subsets / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective:To explore the characteristics of B cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and the regulation of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) on B cell subsets in RA patients. Methods:Twenty-nine age- and sex-matched RA patients and 29 healthy controls were selected, and the difference of B cell subsets in peripheral blood between the two groups was analyzed by paired t-test. According to the value of disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28), RA patients were divided into active group (2.6 ≤ DAS28 0.05). There was no significant difference in the numbers and the proportions of total B cells and B cell subsets (except CD19+ IL-10+ Breg) between 10 RA patients of active group and 19 RA patients of highly active group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the number and the proportion of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg in lymphocytes between 6 RA patients of active group and 12 RA patients of highly active group (P>0.05). The proportion of total B cells was weakly positively correlated with IgG type rheumatoid factor (r=0.308). EGCG could significantly increase the proportion of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg (P0.05). Conclusion:B cells may play an auxiliary role in the development of RA. The number of CD19+ IL-10+ Breg in RA patients increases as a feedback. EGCG can promote Breg proliferation and suppress BAFF-R mRNA expression.